1, mercerization process mechanism
When the mercerized cotton fiber is treated with concentrated caustic soda, because of the small volume of sodium ions, it can enter the amorphous and crystalline regions of the fiber at the same time. The water molecules surrounding the sodium ions form a hydration layer. When sodium ions enter the fiber interior and fibers When combined, water molecules are also brought in at the same time, causing severe swelling of the fibers, forcing the diameter of the cotton fibers to increase, shortening the length, virtually eliminating the longitudinal curl of the fibers, and changing the cross-section of the fibers from a kidney shape to a nearly circular shape. The flat ribbon becomes cylindrical, and when a certain tension is applied, the fiber is stretched, the uniformity is improved, the surface smoothness is improved, and the diffuse reflection of the light before the mercerization turns into more directional reflection, which increases the The intensity of reflected light, so that the fabric shows a general luster of the silk; the mercerized crystallinity of the cotton fiber is reduced from about 70% before mercerization to 50 to 60%, due to the decrease of the crystallinity of the fiber, resulting in a good dyeing performance, at the same time It also improves the dyeing properties of dead cotton and improves the quality of dyed products. Improve the dimensional stability of the fabric and eliminate the stress relief in the fabric.
Mercerized main agents are: caustic soda, alkali penetrant, acetic acid and so on.
The role of alkali-resistant penetrant: Accelerate the wetting and penetration of the mercerized alkali liquor, improve the mercerizing effect, and increase the dyeing depth, vividness, fullness and luster.
Mercerizing machine types: straight-roller mercerizing machine, cloth-twisted mercerizing machine, straight-roller fabric mercerizing machine, knitted fabric cylinder mercerizing machine, knitted fabric cutting machine, short-process straight roll rolling mercerizing machine, etc.
2, mercerizing process
1 Woven Fabric Mercerizing: Padding thick concentrated alkali → air permeability → padding concentrated alkali → ventilation → (preheating washing) → Cloth expansion and wicking to alkali → Straight roll washing to alkali → Steam washing → Neutralization → Washing → Drying
2 Mercerized knitted fabrics: Flat-width fabrics → Photoelectric weft-counting device → Straight roll groove → Two-roll re-rolling car → Five-roller large-size tube rolling base machine → Two-roll re-rolling car → Fabric spreading and squeezing and soda removal → Two-roll weight Rolling car → Efficient drum washing box → 2 roller light rolling car → Efficient drum washing box → 2 roller light rolling car → Efficient drum washing box → 2 roller light rolling car → Efficient drum washing box → 2 Roller light rolling car → Efficient drum washing box → Two roller light rolling car → Efficient drum washing box → Two roller heavy rolling car → Flat cloth.
3, mercerizing conditions
The main technical parameters of mercerization include: caustic soda concentration, rolling excess ratio, alkali action time, warp tension, weft tension, number of leaching alkalis, alkali temperature, width of cloth falling, and pH value of cloth drop.
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